Caltanissetta is a city located in the geographical center of Sicily and is the capital of its namesake province. Originally inhabited by the Sicani and later ruled by Greeks, Arabs, and Normans, Caltanissetta has a rich and layered history.

The name derives from the Arabic Qalʿat al-Nisā’, meaning “castle of the women.” The city is known for its religious traditions, especially during Holy Week, and for its historical connection to sulfur mining, which made it an important economic center until the twentieth century.

Caltanissetta is also famous for some unique traditional sweets, such as “turrunetta” and “nucatoli,” spiced cookies filled with dried fruit and honey, typical of the Christmas season. According to local legend, it was in Caltanissetta that some Swiss pastry chefs—who moved there between the late 1800s and early 1900s—created an original version of Monti’s nougat, inspiring the creation of the famous Alba nougat.

Today, it is a peaceful city with a historic center rich in Baroque churches, noble palaces, and panoramic views over the Sicilian countryside.